Five years after the November 6, 1999 republic referendum,
the future of an Australian republic remains very
much in the balance. The passage of time has now
eliminated the main argument against the government
holding a second referendum, that it is too soon
to revisit such a major constitutional issue. This
was despite the implication of the No campaign that
Australians would get a second chance before too
long.
The defeat of the referendum was just one battle
in a longer contest. In boxing parlance, republicans
were knocked to the ground but not knocked out.
We jumped up with no long-term injuries and have
been seeking a return bout ever since. Our opponents
want to retire undefeated after just one outing,
but we won't let them.
The current promoter won't give us a rematch,
claiming that there is no public demand for a
second fight. We are in full training, having
learnt from our mistakes in 1999, and we will
be a tougher proposition next time around.
The Australian Republican Movement is a grass-roots
organisation totally committed to advancing the
wish of the majority of Australians for their
country to become a republic.
ARM believes in a bottom-up rather than a top-down
process. We are committed to achieving plebiscites
on the republic question.
In December 2001 a People's Conference was held
in Corowa. Organised by the late Richard McGarvie,
the conference culminated in the "Royal Hotel"
resolution that spelled out a pathway towards
a second referendum based on plebiscites.
For the 2001 election, Labor had proposed that
a second referendum would be preceded by two plebiscites
held at the same time as the next two federal
elections. In 2004 Labor accelerated that proposal
by promising that a Labor government would hold
an indicative plebiscite and then a models plebiscite
before a second referendum at the same time as
the 2007 election.
What Labor has yet to do is to campaign hard
and imaginatively on the republic during an election
campaign. There would be electoral advantage for
Labor, as former minister Bob McMullan has recently
suggested, if it did this.
In 2004 the position adopted by the Coalition
was that the 1999 referendum had determined the
issue, and the Government had no plans to revisit
it. But the resolve of leading republicans, such
as the Treasurer Peter Costello, has not weakened.
And in the new parliament he is joined by two
members of the official Yes committee in 1999:
Malcolm Turnbull (chair) and Andrew Robb, chairman
of Conservatives for an Australian Head of State.
Last August the Senate Legal and Constitutional
References Committee issued its Report, "The
Road to a Republic". It addresses both the
most appropriate forward steps (supporting plebiscites)
and alternative models for an Australian republic.
Notably the Report recognises the vacuum within
the community about constitutional questions.
To achieve informed participation there must
be much more "education, engagement and inclusion".
Such discussions must be in plain language with
plenty of humour.
That was the style that Senator Amanda Vanstone
brought to her republican advocacy before an audience
at Burgmann College at the ANU last week. She
is a minimalist who would even be quite happy
to retain the present method of prime ministerial
appointment. Her slogan would be "If you
love this woman [the Queen], set her free".
Former Labor Minister Neal Blewett took a different
approach at the National Library. Delivering the
Henry Parkes Oration on the topic of "A Republican
President or a Presidential Republic?" Blewett
assumed that a consequence of the 1999 defeat
was that only a republic with a popularly elected
president could win a second referendum. He urged
republicans to think big and not to prematurely
discard the virtues of the American system.
The second National Republican Lecture will be
given in Canberra next Tuesday night by Huy Truong,
a Melbourne business executive, entrepreneur and
former refugee on the topic "How an Australian
Republic can engage the migrant community: a personal
perspective".
Such engagement is critical because the Senate
Report recommended that all constitutional education
should "recognise the ethnic, gender and
age diversity of the Australian population, and
be inclusive of all Australians".
Republicans must assist the broader impetus for
constitutional reform. There is a danger that
27 years after the last successful referendum
in 1977 all constitutional reform is dormant.
That is one consequence of the loss in 1999.
The real enthusiasm generated in the 1990s by
the government-funded Constitutional Centenary
Foundation has dissipated.
That enthusiasm helped invigorate the 1998 Constitutional
Convention in Canberra.
The Senate report reveals a consensus that public
education about the constitution must come first.
Educators need innovative tools. Such creative
approaches are demonstrated in new books about
the constitution by two academics active in 1999.
Greg Craven has written Conversations with the
Republic to prove that the Constitution "is
not deadly, flat, pompous and dull, but interesting,
alive and quirky-the sort of Constitution you
could imagine having a beer with."
Helen Irving has written Five Things to Know
about the Australian Constitution, a book that
is different and engaging in its own way too.
The Government should take the lead. ARM calls
on it to support the establishment of a Parliamentary
Joint Standing Committee on Constitutional Education
and Awareness.
This is the Senate Report's recommended way of
addressing improvement in awareness and understanding
of our constitutional system.
The new committee would oversee and facilitate
the necessary education and awareness programs
that will engage the Australian people with their
own Constitution.